Heating structure



P. SCHAEFER 1,834,650

HEATING STRUCTURE Filed May 20, 1929 s Sheets-Sheet 1 1931- P. SCHAEFER HEATING STRUCTURE Filed May 20, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 e e I a a0 5 u NM mm Dec. 1, 1931. P. SCHAEFEIL'Q 1,834,650

HEATING STRUCTURE Filed May 20, 1929 s She-zfcs-Sheet s .70 Inna/071 J au? Qfc7zag77 Patented Dec. 1, 1%31 stares PAUL SCHAEFER, OF CRYSTAL LAKE, ILLINOIS HEATING s'ranornnn Application filed May 530,

- side wall'of the brooder.

Another object is to provide a. construction of sheet metal heating structure whereby buckling of the parts thereof in expanding 11K. contracting responsive to changes in the temperature of the parts, will be reduced to the minimum and whereby metal of relatively light may be used and the structure present the desired strength and rigidity.

l lnfother object is to provide a canopyequipped brooder with the parts so arranged tl. the Zone outwardly beyond that in which the heat caused to be concentrated by the canopy, will be heated above a temperature so low as to be injurious to the chicks.

Another object is to provide a novel, simple and economical construction of removable and replaceable canopy. I v

Another object is to provide for the securing of the canopy to extend at different distances from the floor upon which the brooder structure is supported.

Another object is toprovide in abrooder of the oil burning type, for ready access to the burner structure, as for example where the burner is to be cleaned, repaired, orparts thereof adjusted; and other objects as will be manifest from the followin g description.

Referring to the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a view in front elevation of a canopy-equipped brooder embodying my invention, the radiator portion thereof and the canopy being shown by dotted lines as tilted to a position rendering accessible the internal parts of the brooder.

A Figure 2 is a view in vertical sectional elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 1.

, Figure 3 is an enlarged view like Fig. 2 of one side of the structure shown therein.

Figur iis an enlarged section taken at the line 4 on Fig. 1 and viewed in the direction r929. Serial No. 364,444.

of the arrow illustrating the means shown for clamping together the sections of which the canopy is formed; and

Figure 5, a modification of the structure shown in Fig. -1, the radiator-portion of -the device and the canopy supported thereby being shown in elevatedposition to render accessible the internal parts of the burner.

The particular construction of brooder comprises a base portion 6 having legs 7 on which it is adapted to be supported, this base memberbeingshown as formed of two interfitting ring sections 8 and 9 the inner ring section 9 being formed with a plate portion 10 at its lower edge andclosing the base 6 except hereinafter referred to.

The structure also comprises a, heat'producing device represented generally at 11'. The heat producing device shown is in the form of an oil burner of any desirable construction as for example the construction shown in my pending applicationfor United States Letters Patent Serial No. 864,167, filed May 18, 1929. The burner shown is located within the confines'of the base 6 above the bottom plate portion 10 and comprises generally stated a member 12 having its upper surface'of concaveform and through the center of which a pipe-13 supporting the burner structure on the plate 10 extends, the pipe 13 being shown as connected with a pipe 14 which leads to any suitable source of fuel oil'supply. 1

The burner structure also comprises an oilspreading vaporizing member 15 which sets downinto the concave recess of the member 12, the lower surface of the member 11- being of convex form and spaced from the concave surface of the member 12 a relatively slight distance throughout the extent of the convex surface of the member 11 whereby oil discharging through the pipe 13 into the member 12 is caused to be spread radially in all directions in a comparatively thin layer, the heat to which the oil'is subjected vaporizing the oil, the vaporsv from which commingle with air supplied thereto through passages 16 in the plate 10, the air being directed from the'openings 16 to the vapors referred toby for certain openingsin the plate portion and 'larged diameter as represented at 2 1.

the provision of a sleeve 17 surrounding the burner structure 11 in spaced relation thereto and located within the base 6, with its lower edge terminating short of the plate 10.

The brooder structure also comprises an upper radiator portion 18, this portion comprising a ring 19 having an outwardly and upwardly inclined annular flange20. The ring 19 is pivotally connected, as represented at 21 to the ring section 9, the ring 19 and ring section 9 being so proportioned that when the parts are in the position shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and in the full line position shown in Fig. 1, they will be telescoped as represented. The radiator structure also comprises an outer drum 22 of sheet metal having a centrally apertured bottom 23 shown as formed of a sheet metal annulus which slopes downwardly and inwardly from the surrounding sidewall of the drum 22, the sleeve 17 extending into the central opening in this annulus and secured therein in any desirable. way.

The upper end of the drum 22 is of cp- T is bottom portion of the enlarged part 24 of the drum and which inclines downwardly and inwardly throughout its extent is represented M325 and is formed of an annulus of sheet metalsecured at. its central opening to the upper, edge of the side wall of the lower por tion of the drum of smaller diameter. The side wall of the enlarged portion 24 of the drum andrepresented at .26 is in the form of an annulus of sheet metal secured at its lower edge tov the circumferential portion of the annulus 25. The top of the portion 24 of the drum and represented at 27 inclines upwardly and inwardly and is also in the form of an annulus connected at its outer circumfer ence with the upper edge of the side-wallforming annulus 26. The. outlet stack of the. device is represented at 2,8 and is shown'as telescope/d with the upper end of a tubular member 29 positioned on the top-wall-forming annulus 27 at the center thereof, the stack 28. communicating with theupper'end of. a duct 30 connected at its upper end with the wallsforming annulus 27 at the central opening inthe latter. The radiator structure also comprises an inner drum :31 located in the space between the. drum 22 and the duct 30 lZOEXiZQIlCl-COD- centric with'both of these parts and in spaced relation thereto as shown, the drum 31 being entirely closed at, its bottom. The lower end of the drum 31 extends above the bottomforming portion 23 ofthe drum 22-. and the upper end of this drum extends above the portion of the drum 22 of smaller diameter. The upper end of the drum 31 is provided with a. deflector. member 32 which inclines upwardly and outwardly and is. shown as the. form of an annulus which extends substantially parallelwiththe annulus 25, but reaches short of the sidewall-forming annulus 26, the drum 31 and deflector portion 32 being shown as supported as by means of the bolts 33 disposed in an annular series about the device, with spacer tubes 3% surrounding the bolts 33 located between the members 25 and 32.

I It will be understood from the foregoing that the combustion mixture in ignited condition, passes upwardly from the burner and thence radially in all lateral directions in the space between the bottom of the drum 31 and the bottom 23 of the drum 22, into the annular space between the drums 22 and 31, thence rising throughout the circumference of this space into the annular space between the members 32 and 25 in which the combustion mixture radiatesrlateral'ly in all directions and from which it discnarges around the outer circumferential edge of the member 32 into the annular space between the members 32 and 27 through which space the combustion mixture flows radially inwardly and thence into the top of the annular space between the drum 31 and the duct 30 through which it flows downwardly andthence into the lower end of the duct 30 through which it flows upwardly to the stack 28, the course of the combustion mixture as above described being represented by the arrows in Figs. 2 and 3.

It will benoted that by providing for the flow of the combustion mixture as above described, the lower portions of the side-wall of the radiator are the first to be contacted by the hot combustion mixture and thus the greatest amount of heat is radiated to the surrounding atmosphere at the lower portion of the side wall of the radiator with the manifest advantage. Furthermore, by the arrangement of parts shown the heat radiated downwardly at the base of the brooder is at relatively low temperature, thereby reducing the fire-hazard and dispensing with the use of insulation at this location as for example sand-beds.

Furthermore, as the heat is distributed uniformly circumferentially of the device, the air surrounding the device is substantially uniformly heated with the manifest advantage. At the same time the radiator serves to radiate heat through its top wall 27 which is of particular advantage where a canopy, such' as that hereinafter described, is used with the brooder for intensifying the heat within a zone of relatively small diameter.

In the construction shown I have provided a canopy represented generally at 35 and for the general purpose stated. The canopy 35 which is preferably provided as a structure separate from the radiator of the breeder and is adapted to be applied to and removed therefrom, as desired, comprises a downwardly and outwardly sloping annulus formed of a circular series of sections 36 shown as connected together by strips 37 interlocked with adjacent sides of the sections 36. yAt'least one of the strips 37 is removable to .permit of the application of the canopy to the radi ator and its removal therefrom,. the removable stop being shown as held in'place by a bolt 38. In the assembled position of the sections 36 they extend at their upperedges into interlocked relation with the side wall 26 which they surround, whereby the canopy is caused to be hung on the radiator; To this end the outer surface of the side wall 26 of the radiator is grooved to receive the inner edges of the sections 36, this sidewall being shown as provided with two such grooves 39 and 40 arranged one above the other thereby permitting the canopy to extend at different elevations from the ground, as desired.

The feature of locating the canopy at the side wall 26 of the radiator is desirable not only because the minimum amount of material is required for forming the canopy which makes for economy of structure and lightness of weight and permits of ready positioning of the canopy to extend at different elevations, but also renders the top of the radiator free of obstruction to radiation of heat therefrom to the atmosphere above it whereby the airin the room outside of the zone in which the heat is caused to be localized by the canopy, is tempered sufficiently so thatjdamage will not result to the chicks when they move outside of the zone referred to.

As above described, the radiator portion of the brooder is hinged to the base thereof containing the burner adapting the radiator portion together with the canopy, if in position thereon, to be tilted to the dotted position shown in Fig. 1 without disassembling of any of the parts. In such tilted position the burner, by being located adjacent the joint between the radiator and the base, is rendered readily accessible for cleaning or for the removal or replacement of its parts.

In connect-ion with the feature just referred to and as illustrative of another form of structure embodying this feature, reference is made to Fig. 5 of the drawings, the construction of which is the same as that shown in the preceding figures except that instead of providing the hinged connection between the radiator and the base of the device to permit the radiator to be tilted as explained, provision is made for separating these parts by bodily lifting the radiator thereof, together with the canopy if used, thereby to expose the burner for the purposes above explained. In this construction there is no positive connection between the radiator and the base the lifting of the radiator being shown as effected through the medium of cables 41 extending over and supported on pulleys 42 journalled on stationary shafts,

f the lower ends of the cables 41 being connected with the radiator as for example by means of the eyes 43 provided on the member 29, the base 6 of the device being preferably provided with a series of upright pins 44 extending through openings in the rings 19 and-thereby serving to accurately guide the radiator in its vertical movements.

By providing the hollow frusto conical members 28 and 25, respectively, buckling of these parts in the expanding and contracting of the radiator and which would unduly stress the connections at the central upper opening in the member 27, the connections between the member 25 and the lower portion of the drum 22 and the connections of the member 23 with other parts and particularly with the casting 20 is prevented and the strength of the entire radiator structure is augmented.

While I have illustrated and described certain structures embodying my invention, I do not wish to be understood as intending to limit it thereto as the same may be variously modified and altered and theinvention embodied in other forms of structure without departing from the spirit thereof.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is: I

1. A heating structure comprising a radiator adapted to be exposed in the atmosphere of a room such as in a brooder, said radiator having a substantially centrally dis posed inlet and an outlet, and a burner for supplying heat thereto, said inlet being in communication with said burner, said radiator comprising an outer drum containing said inlet and having an upper expanded portion, an inner drum spaced from said outer drum, a deflector at the lower end of'said inner drum above said inlet and a deflector at the upper end of said inner drum and disposed within said expanded portion of said outer drum and spaced therefrom.

2. A heating structure comprising a radiator having a substantially centrally disposed inlet and an outlet, and a burner for supplying heat thereto, said inlet being in communication with said burner, said radiator comprising an outer drum containing said inlet and havingan upper expanded portion provided with a top, an inner drum spaced from said outer drum, a deflector at the lower end of said inner drum above said inlet, a deflector at the upper end of said inner drum and disposed Within said expanded portion of said outer drum and spaced therefrom, and an outlet pipe having an inlet extending downwardly into said inner drum, whereby the combustion mixture passing through said expanded portion is directed downwardly for downward passage through said inner drum.

3. A heating structure comprising a radiator having a'substantially centrally disposed inlet and an outlet, and a burner for supplying heat thereto, said inlet being in communication with said burner, said radiator com-- prising an outer drum containingsaid inlet andhaving an upper expanded portion provided with a top, an inner drum spaced from said outer drum, a deflector at the lower end of said inner drum above said inlet, a deflector at the upper end of said inner drum and disposed within said expanded portion of said outer drum and spaced therefrom, and an upwardly extending duct in said inner drum and spaced fromthe side wall of the latter and opening at its lower end into said inner drum, whereby the combustion mixture passing through said expanded portion is dirested downwardly for downward passage through said inner drum.

A brooder structure comprising a radiator a portion of which is formed of drum having an inlet for the heating medium and an expanded upper portion, said upper por tion comprising three separate sections consisting of upper and lower sheet sections of general frnsto conical form reversely disposed, and a sidewall-forming sheet section connected at its pper and lower edges with the outer edgesot said upper and lower sections, respectively.

A heating structure comprising a radiator having a substantially centrally uisposcd inlet and an outlet, and a burner ior supplying heat thereto, said inlet being in communication with said burner, said radiator comprising an outer drum containing said inlet and having an upper expanded'portion provided with a top, an inner drum extending downwardly into said outer drum below said upper expanded portion and spaced "from said outer drum, a deflector atthe lower end of said inner drum above said inlet, a deflector at the upper end of said inner drum and disposed within said expanded portion of said outer drum and spaced therefrom for deflecting the combustion mixture laterally outwardly, and a pipe extending downwardly into said inner drum and spaced from the latter and forming said outlet, whereby the combustion mixture passing through said expanded portion is directedinwardly and downwardly between said pipe and inner drum, to the lower end of said pipe.

6. A heating structure comprising a radiator having a substantially centrally disposed inlet and an outlet, and a burner for supply ing heat thereto, said inlet being in communication with said burner, said radiator comprising an outer drum containing said inlet and having an upper expanded portion provided with a top,-an inner drum extending downwardly into said outer drum below said upper expanded portion and spaced from said outer drum, a deflector at the lower end of said inner drum above said inlet, a deflector at the upper end of said inner drum and disposed within said expanded portion of said, outer drum and spaced therefrom for deflecting the combustion mixture laterally outwardly, and an outlet pipehaving an inlet extending downwardly into said inner drum, whereby the combustion mixture pass- 7 tiallyparallel with the bottom or" said ex- 7 panded portion. 7

' 8. A heating structure comprising a radiator having a lower inlet, an outlet and an upper expanded portion presentin an upwardly and outwardly inclined plate portion and having a substantially cylindrical wall extending upwardly from the outer margin of said plate portion, a burner for supplying heat internally to said radiator and a deflector insaid expanded portion inclining upwardly and outwardly with its marginal edge extending in a plane between the upper and lower edges ofsaid cylindrical wall.

' 9. A heating structure comprising a radiator having'a lower inlet, an outlet and an upper expanded portion presenting an'upwardly and outwardly inclined plate portion and having a substantially cylindiical'wall extending upwardly from the outer margin of said plate portion, a burner for supplying heat internally to said radiator and a deflector in said expanded portion inclining upwardly and outwardly with its marginal edge extending in a plane between the upper and lower edges of said cylindrical wall, said de- T flector extending substantially parallel with the bottom of said expanded portion.

PAUL SCHAEFER. 

